IMO Shortlist 2008 problem C6


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2. travnja 2012.
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For n\ge 2, let S_1, S_2, \ldots, S_{2^n} be 2^n subsets of A = \{1, 2, 3, \ldots, 2^{n + 1}\} that satisfy the following property: There do not exist indices a and b with a < b and elements x, y, z\in A with x < y < z and y, z\in S_a, and x, z\in S_b. Prove that at least one of the sets S_1, S_2, \ldots, S_{2^n} contains no more than 4n elements.

Proposed by Gerhard Woeginger, Netherlands
Izvor: Međunarodna matematička olimpijada, shortlist 2008