IMO Shortlist 1990 problem 17


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2. travnja 2012.
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Unit cubes are made into beads by drilling a hole through them along a diagonal. The beads are put on a string in such a way that they can move freely in space under the restriction that the vertices of two neighboring cubes are touching. Let A be the beginning vertex and B be the end vertex. Let there be p \times q \times r cubes on the string (p, q, r \geq 1).

(a) Determine for which values of p, q, and r it is possible to build a block with dimensions p, q, and r. Give reasons for your answers.
(b) The same question as (a) with the extra condition that A = B.
Izvor: Međunarodna matematička olimpijada, shortlist 1990