IMO Shortlist 2009 problem N6


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April 2, 2012
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Let k be a positive integer. Show that if there exists a sequence a_0, a_1, ... of integers satisfying the condition a_n=\frac{a_{n-1}+n^k}{n} \text{,} \qquad \forall n \geqslant 1 \text{,} then k-2 is divisible by 3.

Proposed by Turkey
Source: Međunarodna matematička olimpijada, shortlist 2009